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Power ​

Generated from the engine's own definition: compute-engine's symbol, which we neither extend nor document by hand.

Exponentiation: raise a base to a power.

✓ checked against that system · ! checked, with disagreements (hover a chip)WikipediaExponentiationMathWorldExponentiationWikidataQ33456FungrimPowWolfram LanguagePower!
Power(complex | infinity, complex | signed_infinity) -> numberExponentiation: raise a base to a power.
mpmathenumeratio_pow(complex | infinity, complex | signed_infinity)Juliaenumeratio_pow(complex | infinity, complex | signed_infinity)Rustpower(complex | infinity, complex | signed_infinity)
Typed signatures
TypePackageApplies
(complex | infinity, complex | signed_infinity) -> numberadelesreplaces numeralson Adele, Idele, ProfiniteNumber
(complex | infinity, complex | signed_infinity) -> numberanalyticreplaces compute-engineon Around, CenteredInterval, Interval
(complex | infinity, complex | signed_infinity) -> numbercompute-enginealways
(complex | infinity, complex | signed_infinity) -> numberevaluationreplaces compute-enginealways
(complex | infinity, complex | signed_infinity) -> numberhypercomplexreplaces analyticfor symbols ^(?:i|j|epsilon|e|f|theta|epsilonSymbol|varepsilon|thetaSymbol|vartheta)_\d+$
(complex | infinity, complex | signed_infinity) -> numbernumeralsreplaces residueson AdicNumeral
(complex | infinity, complex | signed_infinity) -> numberresiduesreplaces hypercomplexon ResidueClass

Domain: Compute engine

Details
  • Differs from Wolfram: Exp(x) EyExp(x)\,E^y stays a product of two powers; Wolfram combines it into Ex+yE^{x+y}.

Plot

ComplexPlot
real slice

Examples

3 more kept as data, checked against the oracles
Basic #

Power(2, ComplexInfinity) is Indeterminate, the same direction-dependence as e^z

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Known value · Same reasoning as e^z, for any positive real base != 1

Exact integer power, a 31-digit result

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In21002^{100}Out1 267 650 600 228 229 401 496 703 205 3761\,267\,650\,600\,228\,229\,401\,496\,703\,205\,376
Scope #

Power(1/2, ComplexInfinity) is a type error, since the exponent excludes ComplexInfinity

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Power(x, ComplexInfinity) is a type error, since the exponent excludes ComplexInfinity

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A 50-digit approximation of a rational

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InN(248 8321 419 857,50)N(\frac{248\,832}{1\,419\,857}, 50)Out0.175 251 451 378 554 319 202 567 582 510 069 676 030 755 209 855 640.175\,251\,451\,378\,554\,319\,202\,567\,582\,510\,069\,676\,030\,755\,209\,855\,64

Threads over a list of exponents

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In2[1,2,3]2^{\bigl\lbrack1, 2, 3\bigr\rbrack}Out[2,4,8]\bigl\lbrack2, 4, 8\bigr\rbrack

Interval arithmetic cubes the endpoints

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InInterval(13,2)3\mathrm{Interval}(\frac{1}{3}, 2)^3OutInterval(127,8)\mathrm{Interval}(\frac{1}{27}, 8)

Matrix exponents act entry by entry, with exact roots

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In2[[12,−1],[−53,12]]2^{\bigl\lbrack\bigl\lbrack\frac{1}{2}, -1\bigr\rbrack, \bigl\lbrack-\frac{5}{3}, \frac{1}{2}\bigr\rbrack\bigr\rbrack}Out[[2,12],[2−53,2]]\bigl\lbrack\bigl\lbrack\sqrt{2}, \frac{1}{2}\bigr\rbrack, \bigl\lbrack2^{-\frac{5}{3}}, \sqrt{2}\bigr\rbrack\bigr\rbrack

Continuity of xnx^n on x≥0x \ge 0, restated in canonical order

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InFullSimplify(FunctionContinuous([xn,x≥0],x))\mathrm{FullSimplify}(\mathrm{FunctionContinuous}(\bigl\lbrack x^{n}, x≥0\bigr\rbrack, x))OutFunctionContinuous([xn,0≤x],x)\mathrm{FunctionContinuous}(\bigl\lbrack x^{n}, 0≤x\bigr\rbrack, x)

The power rule: ddxxn=nxn−1\frac{d}{dx} x^n = n x^{n-1}

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Indxndx\frac{\mathrm{d}x^{n}}{\mathrm{d}x}Outnxn−1nx^{n-1}
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In−13\sqrt[3]{-1}Out−1-1

The matrix power function of a non-diagonal matrix, expressed through its eigenvalues

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InFullSimplify(MatrixFunction(_1⁡↦2_1⁡,[[1/2,−1],[−5/3,1/2]]))\mathrm{FullSimplify}(\mathrm{MatrixFunction}(\operatorname{\_1}↦2^{\operatorname{\_1}}, \bigl\lbrack\bigl\lbrack1/2, -1\bigr\rbrack, \bigl\lbrack-5/3, 1/2\bigr\rbrack\bigr\rbrack))Out[[12×2(1+(2×151/2)/3)/2+12×2(1−(2×151/2)/3)/2,11015×2(1−(2×151/2)/3)/2−11015×2(1+(2×151/2)/3)/2],[1615×2(1−(2×151/2)/3)/2−1615×2(1+(2×151/2)/3)/2,12×2(1+(2×151/2)/3)/2+12×2(1−(2×151/2)/3)/2]]\bigl\lbrack\bigl\lbrack\frac{1}{2}×2^{(1+(2×15^{1/2})/3)/2}+\frac{1}{2}×2^{(1-(2×15^{1/2})/3)/2}, \frac{1}{10}\sqrt{15}×2^{(1-(2×15^{1/2})/3)/2}-\frac{1}{10}\sqrt{15}×2^{(1+(2×15^{1/2})/3)/2}\bigr\rbrack, \bigl\lbrack\frac{1}{6}\sqrt{15}×2^{(1-(2×15^{1/2})/3)/2}-\frac{1}{6}\sqrt{15}×2^{(1+(2×15^{1/2})/3)/2}, \frac{1}{2}×2^{(1+(2×15^{1/2})/3)/2}+\frac{1}{2}×2^{(1-(2×15^{1/2})/3)/2}\bigr\rbrack\bigr\rbrack
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InN(2i)N(2^{i})Out0.769 238 901 363 972 126 578+0.638 961 276 313 634 801 15i0.769\,238\,901\,363\,972\,126\,578+0.638\,961\,276\,313\,634\,801\,15i
Possible issues #

Power(1, ComplexInfinity) is Indeterminate: 1∞1^\infty is an indeterminate form, as 1±∞1^{\pm\infty} is

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Known value · 1^Infinity is an indeterminate form

About
Examples17
Checked againstWolfram Language 8 agree9 differSageMath 7 agree1 differ1 unevaluated5 errorSymPy 8 agree6 differ1 unevaluatedmpmath 6 agree1 differ1 unevaluatedJulia 6 agree1 differ1 unevaluatedRust 2 agree4 error
CrosswalkWikipediaMathWorldWikidataFungrimWolfram LanguagempmathJuliaRust

Implementation

mappedsympypackages/oracle/src/mappings.ts
mappedmpmathpackages/oracle/src/mappings.ts

Python's int negative int is a double (10-29 makes 1 + 256*10**-29 equal 1); the helper keeps it at working precision.

mappedsagepackages/oracle/src/mappings.ts
mappedoscarpackages/oracle/src/mappings.ts
mappedjuliapackages/oracle/src/mappings.ts
mappedmathlib4packages/oracle/src/mappings.ts
mappedrustpackages/oracle/src/mappings.ts